考研英语中被考生忽略的阅读高频考点

2018年的考研英语早已落幕，为了2019年备考中大家能对考研英语的重点~阅读能有个充分的重视，我们对2005-2007年的真题按照题型进行了纵向的梳理，对阅读进行中出现的高频词汇，短语和长短句进行了整理。希望能给大家一些帮助。英语阅读中有一个很重要的考点就是代词。虽然没有专门考查代词的题型，但是用代词的指代还原来解题很多时候是我们阅读解题的关键。下面我们一起来看看：

代词主要分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词和不定代词，这几类代词当中常考的有it, they, their, such, this, these, that, those, one, another, the other等。在这些常考的词当中有一个比较特殊的是one(双向指代词)。

one出现的话有可能会关联到后面的内容—another或the other或and，也有可能关联到前面的内容，通常在前面提到one所从属的整体概念/对象。

【例】2005年Text3

“Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is ‘off-line.’ And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better.”

【精讲】“one leading authority”关联的是上句中的“researchers”，即“one leading authority”从属于“researchers”，前者是“researchers”当中的一个群体。另外，第二个句子也出现了一个代词 “these”，利用代词的指代还原可得知“these intensely powerful mental event”即“dreams”。

第31题“Researchers have come to believe that dreams ________.”的初步定位句是这两个句子，而并不仅仅是“Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is ‘off-line.’”这一句。最后将定位句和选项匹配出正确答案，我们发现最终的定位句是后一句。

当然，除了细节题之外，推理题当中也常会用到代词的指代还原。

【例】2005年Text1第25题

What can we infer from the last paragraph?

[A]Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.

[B]Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.

[C]Animals usually show their feelings openly as human do.

[D]Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.

【最后一段】①The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. ②In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. ③Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. ④Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. ⑤Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. ⑥However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

【精讲】根据题干可知这是段落推理题，我们优先找到段落中心句“However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.”，通过分析该句可知:“such a sense of fairness”的来源未知，逐一匹配选项可初步确定答案为[B]，但是“such a sense of fairness”是否与[B]选项中的“Human indignation”同义则需我们进一步通过代词“such”的指代向前找到“these feelings”，而“these feelings”也需向前找到其指代的对象“Feelings of righteous indignation”(即：“such a sense of fairness”à“these feelings”à“Feelings of righteous indignation”)，最终确定“such a sense of fairness”就是“indignation”，选[B]。所以，即使不认识“indignation”这个词，也可以通过代词的指代来确定正确答案，而且如果认识“indignation”(愤慨)，不去利用代词的指代还原的话非常有可能将[B]选项排除。

代词虽小，却常常成为解题的关键并且活跃在各个题型当中，希望各位同学在复习中培养起对代词的敏感度，重点复习，在考试中无往不胜!