短信预约提醒成功
第十八课 购物
1、相关文化背景知识介绍
⑴ 关于IBM公司
IBM，即国际商业机器公司，1914年创建于美国，是世界上最大的信息工业跨过公司，目前150多个国家和地区都可以看到IBM的身影。随着世界经济和现代科学的不断发展，IBM始终以尖端的技术，出色的管理和独树一帜的产品满足世界范围内顾客对信息处理的多方需求。如网络管理、系统管理、庞大数据库、强大的可伸缩服务器、系统集成等方面，而且IBM对美国航空事业也做了重要贡献。
⑵ 关于美国对纺织品标签的规定
标签应该贴在消费者容易发现和看到的地方，而且固定和清晰可见；也应注明水洗的顺序。对于纺织品纤维含量，标签应注明是一种还是多种纤维构成；不同纤维的重量百分比；制造商姓名或联邦贸易委员会的识别号码。对于羊毛产品标签应注明羊毛类型、重量百分比和原产地；纺织品成分含量标签包括产品中纤维的名称、所占比例和原产地；包装标签注明纺织品尺寸、成分和原产地。
2、核心词汇讲解
⑴ measure v. 量
考点：measure up to/ with 够得上，达到（标准等）；符合
measure oneself against/ with 同。。。较量
例句：The tailor measured him carefully before making a suit for him.
⑵ doubt n. 怀疑
考点：beyond/without doubt 无疑地，确实地，肯定地
no doubt 确实很可能
例句：There is no doubt that he is guilty.
⑶ deliver v. 递送，传送；发表，宣布
考点：deliver（oneself）of 讲；表达
deliver oneself to 向。。。投案，向。。。自首
deliver over/up 交出，移交
例句：The postman at last delivered the letter we had been waiting for a long time.
⑷ feature n. 特色，特征
考点：make a feature of 以。。。为特色
例句：Her eyes were her best feature.
⑸ compatible v. 兼容的，协调的
考点：be compatible with 与。。。相适应，不矛盾，相似
例句：Their marriage came to an end because they were simply not compatible with each other.
⑹ desire n. 欲望；愿望
考点：at sb.’s desire 应某人的要求
have a strong desire to do sth. 迫切想做某事
例句：The people expressed their desire that the war(should) come to end soon.
⑺ steal v. 偷，窃取
考点：steal along 悄悄前进
steal away （把某物）偷走溜掉；（时间）不识不觉地过去
steal off 偷去，拿跑
例句：I had my wallet stolen yesterday when I was shopping in the market.
⑻ judge v. 判断；审理
考点：judging by/from 根据。。。来判断
judge by appearances 以貌取人
例句：You shouldn’t judge strangers always by the clothes they wear.
3、核心短语讲解
⑴ run short of 缺少，快用完
同义词组还有 in defect of , there is lack of. 例如：
Now we are running short of food.
⑵ for now 目前，暂时
表示时间的短语，同义词组还有for the moment, at the present time, at present.例如：
For now I don’t want to have a holiday.
⑶ be in touch 联系，接触
后面通常接 with sb./sth. 指‘与某人联系/了解某事’，be out of touch 指‘与。。。失去联系’。例如：
We will be in touch again tomorrow.
⑷ be compatible with 与。。。兼容，适合，一致
当‘与。。。兼容’讲时，主语通常是机器、设备等。例如：
His idea is compatible with that of his father.
⑸ on sale 出售，上市，廉价出售
在美语中通常是指廉价出售，一般是圣诞节后出现降价高潮。例如：
This book is on sale at present.
4、核心句型讲解
⑴ There’s not much chance of that but they’ll definitely be ready in March, two months from now, I suppose.
讲解：chance指‘可能性，机会’，常用的词组by chance 指‘偶然地，意外地’和by any chance 指‘或许，可能’。其他句型：There is a chance that… 指‘有。。。可能’。例如：
There is a chance that you can get the visa.
⑵ The only way to be sure you really do get what you pay for is to read the label care fully on everything you buy.
讲解：do在这里没有实际意义，只是起强调动词get 的作用。pay for 指‘支付，付款’。The only way to do sth. is to do…指‘做。。。事情的唯一方式是。。。’。两个to都是不定式。例如：
The only way to pass the exam is to study hard.
⑶ Several citizen’s groups have been influential in demanding that companies list the exact content of goods and the length of time the product can be considered fresh, as with milk and other dairy products.
讲解：that引导的是demanding的宾语从句，the exact content和the length of time构成了 list的宾语。 be influential in sth./doing sth. 指‘对。。。有影响的’。例如：
The mother is influential in her daughter’s decision.
5、重点语法知识讲解
不用被动语态的情况
不用被动语态的情况一般包括不及物动词或不及物动词短语、系动词和某些特殊的及物动词。现举例如下：
⑴ 不及物动词或不及物动词短语，如 appear, die, disappear, end, fail, happen, last, lie, take等
After the fire, very little remained of my house.
The accident happened last week.
⑵ 系动词如 appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell, sound, stay, turn等
It sounds good.
⑶ 一些及物动词或动词短语如 fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, belong to 等
This key just fits the lock.
⑷ 带同源宾语的及物动词如 die/death, dream/dream, slive/life 等以及反身代词、相互代词不能用于被动语态。例如：
She dreamed a bad dream last night.
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