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公共英语辅导:2012公共英语等级考试语法辅导(1)

|0·2012-04-12 01:04:20浏览0 收藏0

  PETS 语法辅导:倒装句型

  一. 倒装句之全部倒装

  全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有:

  1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。

  There goes the bell.

  Then came the chairman.

  Here is your letter.

  2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。

  Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.

  Ahead sat an old woman.

  注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如:Here he comes. Away they went.

  二. 倒装句之部分倒装

  部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

  1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until…等。

  Never have I seen such a performance.

  Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

  Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

  当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。

  注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。

  I have never seen such a performance.

  The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep.

  典型例题

  1) Why can’t I smoke here? At no time___ in the meeting-room

  A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted

  C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit

  答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

  典型例题

  No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

  A. the game began  B. has the game begun

  C. did the game begin  D. had the game begun

  答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时,一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely…when 等等。

  注意:只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构。

  Not only you but also I am fond of music.

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