短信预约提醒成功
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Pain
All of us have felt pain. We have cut ourselves. We have been burned. Or we have had headaches. Some of us suffer pain rarely pain rarely.__________ (46)
Pain can take complete control of our body and mind, making it impossible to move and even to think. Yet we need pain. Without it, we would not know if we have hurt ourselves. It is our body's warning system.__________ (47)
Pain is the most common reason we go to a doctor. It is the most common reason we take medicines.
Until recently, however, most doctors knew of only a few drugs that stopped some pains. __________ (48)
But new knowledge about the process of pain is helping them to control pain better.
Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. __________ (49) Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.
The first message is the warning signal. It moves at a speed of 30 meters a second. In less than a second, the brain understands that part of the body is hurt and how badly it is injured. __________ (50)
It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.
A. And others have painful attacks all the time.
B. These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord (脊髓) to the brain, and back down again.
C. It tells us that we are injured and should do something about it.
D. They knew little about the process of pain itself.
E. The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.
F. And they send the second, slower message of pain to the brain.
46.A。文章第一段提到，我们都曾感觉过疼痛。从空格前一句的内容，即“有些人很少遭受疼痛之苦”，可以推断空格处句子的内容应当与这一句的内容相反，即“另外一些人却总是遭受疼痛的袭击”。
47.C。空格前的句子讲到，疼痛是我们身体的警报系统。因此接下来的句子应该说明这样说的原因。
48.D。空格后一句讲到，然而，有关疼痛过程的新知识使医生得以更好地控制疼痛。由此可见，空格处句子的内容应与此句内容相反，即医生对疼痛过程了解得很少。
49.B。空格前一句中的“chemical and electrical signals”等词语是对空格处句子的很好提示。
50.E。文章第四段最后一句提到了“two different kinds ofpain messages”，而文章最后一段第一句中又用了“Thefirstmessage”，显然，空格处的句子应以“Theothermessage”开始。
环球网校友情提示：2017年职称英语考试即将开始报名，本文整理“2017年职称英语综合类补全短文练习五”供考生参考练习。如果您在此过程中遇到任何疑问，请登录环球网校职称英语频道及职称英语论坛，我们随时与广大考生朋友们一起交流!
【摘要】目前备考2017年职称英语考试的考生在循序渐进的模拟中。环球网校为考生整理了“2017年职称英语综合类补全短文练习五”，希望备考2017年职称英语考试的考生都能顺利通关，更多资料敬请关注网校职称英语考试频道……
1 A few countries are using powerful electromagnets to develop high-speed trains,called maglev trains. Maglev is short for magnetic levitation 1 ,which means that these trains float over a guide way using the basic principles of magnets to replace the old steel wheel and track trains.
2 If you've ever played with magnets,you know that opposite poles attract and like poles repel each other2. This is the basic principle behind electromagnetic propulsion. Electromagnets are similar to other magnets in that they attract metal objects,but the magnetic pull is temporary. You can easily create a small electromagnet yourself by connecting the ends of a copper wire to the positive and negative ends of an AA-cell battery3. This creates a small magnetic field. If you disconnect either end of the wire from the battery,the magnetic field is taken away.
3 The magnetic field created in this wire-and-battery experiment is the simple idea behind a maglev train rail system. There are three components to this system： A large electrical power source,metal coils lining a guide way or track,and large guidance magnets attached to the underside of the train.
4 The big difference between a maglev train and a conventional train is that maglev trains do not have an engine —— at least not the kind of engine used to pull typical train cars along steel tracks4. The engine for maglev trains is rather innoticeable. Instead of using fossil fuels,the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls and the track combines to propel the trains5.
5 The magnetized coil running along the track,called a guideway,repels the large magnets on the train's undercarriage,allowing the train to levitate between 1 to 10 cm above the guideway. Once the train is levitated,power is supplied to the coils within the guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push~ th train along the guideway. The electric current supplied to the coils in the guideway walls is constantly alternating to change the polarity of the magnetized coils. This change in polarity causes the magnetic field in front of the train to pull the vehicle forward,while the magnetic field behind the train adds more forward thrust.
6 Maglev trains float on a cushion of air',eliminating friction. This lack of friction allows these trains to reach unprecedented ground transportation speeds of more than 500 kph,or twice as fast as the fastest conventional train. At 500 kph,you could travel from Paris to Rome in just over two hours.
词汇：
Levitate v. 悬浮 electrified v. 使带电
Levitation n. 悬浮 magnetize v. 使带磁
guideway n. 导向槽 line v.排列成行
propelb vt. 推进 underside n.下侧，下面
propulsion n. 推进 undercarriage n. 车盘
注释：
1. Maglev is short for magnetic levitation ：maglev 是 magnetic levitation 的缩略词。
2. opposite poles attract and like poles repel each other： 异极相吸，同极相斥
3. AA-cell battery：5号电池
4. at least not the kind of engine used to pull typical train cars along steel tracks： 至少不是沿着轨道拉动典型的火车车厢的那种发动机。
5. the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls and the track combine to propel the train： 由嵌入导向壁内的电磁线圈产生的磁场加上轨道，一起推动火车前进。The magnetic field 和 the track 是句子主语，created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls 是过去分词短语，用作定语，修饰the magnetic field.
练习：
1. Paragraph 3
2. Paragraph 4
3. Paragraph 5
A The Main Components of the Maglev Train System
B High-speed Maglev due to Zero Friction
C The Working Principle of the Maglev Train
D Differences between Polarity and Magnetic Field
E Comparison of Maglev Trains with Traditional Ones
F Maglev with a Powerful Motor
4. Paragraph 6
5. Several countries in the world are using strong electromagnets
6. You can connect a wire to the positive and negative ends of a battery .
7. A unique system of magnetic fields is created by the coils
8. The frictionless maglev train enables you
A to develop a maglev train rail system
B To explain why maglev trains are faster
C to pull and push the train forward
D to create a magnetic field
E to experiment with the maglev train
F to travel from Paris to Rome in about two hours
答案与题解：
1. 第三段了举了磁浮列车的三个组成部分，动力源、金属线圈和此贴。选项A 概括了第三段列的内容。
2. E 第四段就磁浮列车和传统火车进行了比较：磁浮列车没有发动机而传统火车有发动机。选项C用comparsion 来概括是准确的。
3. C 第五段比较详细的介绍了为什么磁浮列车会向前运动，也就揭示了磁浮列车的工作原理。
4. B 在第五段解释了磁浮列车浮起和向前运动的原理之后，作者在第六段中进行了磁浮列车速度奇快的原因：去除了传统火车的车轮于铁轨的摩擦。
5. A 选A 的依据是本文第一段第一句：A few countries using powerful electromagnets to develop high-speed trains,called maglev trains.
6.D第二段说，把电线与干电池相连接就能产生一个小磁场，而磁浮列车的运动原理与此相同。第二段第四句是选择D的依据。
7. C第五段的第二句，即“0nce the train is levitated，power is supplied to the coils within the guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push the train along the guideway”，是选择c的依据。
8.F本文最后一句举出坐上时速500公里的磁浮列车从巴黎到罗马只需约2小时这个例子来说明磁浮列车速度之快。
环球网校友情提示：2017年职称英语考试即将开始报名，本文整理“2017年职称英语综合类补全短文练习五”供考生参考练习。如果您在此过程中遇到任何疑问，请登录环球网校职称英语频道及职称英语论坛，我们随时与广大考生朋友们一起交流!